Logical Systems and Model Theory constitute a foundational area bridging mathematics, computer science and philosophy through the formalisation of reasoning. By abstracting the essential components of ...

Write a Logical Framework Analysis before the project or event starts to formulate a plan, act as a guide when the event is ongoing, and provide a detailed record for future analysis. A typical ...

Checking off another item on its PDUFA VII to-do list, the U.S. FDA is releasing a draft guidance on using a logic model framework for risk evaluation and mitigation strategies (REMS).

Black Sea Battle Lab (BBL) logic model is designed to trace how Ukraine’s operational responses to Russia’s invasion link strategic pressures ...

Occasionally one may hear that a data model is “over-normalized,” but just what does that mean? Normalization is intended to analyze the functional dependencies across a set of data. The goal is to ...

As AI models evolve beyond mere fact recall, a new generation of reasoning models, such as OpenAI’s o1 and o3-mini, and DeepSeek-R1, is redefining how machines think. Unlike traditional knowledge ...

The authors do not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and have disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their ...